Incidence of spotted bollworm is reported in cotton. Though,pestcides are developed to control this but they have created serious ecological problems. For all other uses or more information, read legal notices. Morphological and biochemical bt cotton plant trait induced resistance against cotton jassid amrasca biguttula biguttula ishida and cotton whitefly bemisia tabaci genn. Cotton jassid, rice stem borer iii minor pestoccasional pest gep is below the eil usually rarely they cross eil can be controlled by spraying e.
Effects of cotton growth regulator on jassid infestation. Pdf on dec 15, 2016, hakim ali sahito and others published comparative efficacy of novel pesticides against jassid, amrasca biguttula biguttula ishida on cotton crop under field conditions at. Cotton aphids are the primary aphid species of concern in cotton. After spraying cotton growth regulator, two plants from. Heavy infestation with this sucking insect causes extensive. Observation of gamma irradiated cotton populations on trend. Determination of economic threshold level etl of jassid. Control of white fly on cotton by neem products, 5. The conventional systemic insecticides should be alternated if more than one spray of systemic insecticides is to be sprayed. Mf2674 cotton insect management 2019 ksre bookstore. The jassid appeared at the age of 2431 dap in third week of may and continued upto crop harvest. Thrips damage is most evident during cool, wet periods when seedling cotton plants grow slowly. In november 2008 all patients were sent a standardized, validated questionnaire on urogenital symptoms and quality of life after the operation to fill in at home and were invited to.
Whereas, the pest status of all other insect and mite pests were minor and caused damage with low infestation intensity. For the control of boll worms spray the crops with 2. The nymph of jassid prefer okra crop for the survival and feeding sharma and singh, 2002 causes damage from seedlings to the fruit setting stage, and resulting loss up to 5063. Both immature and adult stages causes huge loss by feeding on under sides of leaves and sucks the sap from leaves. Sumialpha flex will also give suppression of southern and common armyworm. Pdf comparative efficacy of novel pesticides against jassid. They compete with young growth and developing fruit and reduce photosynthesis resulting in. Field efficacy of various insecticides against major sucking. Pdf comparative efficacy of novel pesticides against. The dramatic uptake of this technology presumably resulted in strong selection pressure for resistance in helicoverpa spp. Cotton bollworm, diamond backmoth ii major pest gep lies very close to eil or coincides with eil economic damage can be prevented by timely and repeated sprays e. Jassid attack during reproductive crop growth can be. Large numbers of jassids can cause leaf damage especially lower in the canopy.
Adults and nymphs suck sap from undersurface of leaves and toxic effects of the saliva they inject when feeding on the leaves. The most consistent insectrelated challenge for kansas cotton grow ers is thrips. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page the taxonomic situation is complicated and presents several problems. Jassids, insecticides, enzyme activity, protection of cotton, cote. Pestspesticides integrated pest management gmml ipm in. Of which, brinjal shoot and fruit borer caused damage eggplants with high infestation intensity. Crop damage can be contributed to direct pest feeding injury or to the spread of vectorborne plant diseases.
Mon 88702 also had fewer thrips and minimal injury. The effects of thrips injury to seedling cotton plants was visually rated. Wheat stem borer sesamia inferens with its systematics position, habits, nature of damage caused. The comprehensive annual describing all practices for best practice stewardship of gm technologies. Control of rots and wilts in various crops by trichodermabased products. However, unlike cowpea aphids, cotton aphids are not shiny and can occur anytime during the growing season. Director, central cotton research institute, multan member 6. Observation of gamma irradiated cotton populations on. Cloudy weather favours the population build up and heavy showers wash off the populations. The pests have the potential to reduce yield by 20 to 80 per cent 6. Nagpur 440 010 maharashtra scientist ic, tmcmm i cell central institute for cotton research nagpur.
Rai crop protection division, indian institute of vegetable research varanasi. In fact, there has been an increase in damage to plants caused by jassids throughout the cotton production area of. The average lint yield for the state as a whole was 697 kg per hectare. Yellowing of leaves, crinkling and curling of leaves. The most consistent insect related challenge for kansas cotton grow ers is thrips. Leaves show characteristic curling symptoms similar to that of a virus. Studies on the ecology and monitoring of pink bollworm, pectinophora gossypiella saunders on cotton. The main aspect of this problem is the due to damage of crops that leads to loss of production and this also affects the health of humans. The major pests attacking on bt cotton are aphid, jassid, thrips, whitefly, mealybug and mite 7.
Among sucking insects causing critical damage to cotton and 4050% reduction in yield include aphis gossypi, bemisia tabaci, thrips tabaci and amrasca. Field efficacy of various insecticides against major. Cotton belt between 1892 and 1920, and even though cotton breed ing was just beginning during that period it was recognized that earliness an important factor in escaping boll weevil damage. Mills are reluctant to buy and may reject contaminated lint. Plot unit was consisted of one twometercottonrow with 0. These findings confirm the results of present study. This use of in creased earliness represented an indirect approach to insect resist ance in cotton. Agromet advisory services for different states of the country. Chief executive, punjab agriculture research board, lahore member secretary the tors of the committee are as follows. The genetic distance gd among the all genotypes of cotton were also analyzed and it is ranged from 0. Varietal resistance of bt cotton against sucking complex. Nymphs and adults of mealy bugs suck sap from the leaves, tender shoots, and the fruits. Their color varies from light yellow to dark green or almost black. Diversity and abundance of insects in cotton crop land of.
The combined losses due to leafhoppers and whitefly on sunflower is estimated to be 9. Control of helicoverpa on cotton, pigeonpea, and tomato by bacillus thuringiensis, 4. Unfortunately, we cannot provide individual solutions to specific pest problems. Severe aphid damage results in wrinkling, stunting and cupping of leaves. So, plant leaves become wrinkled and this is the symptom of jassid infestation 5. Inscalis insecticide has been shown to reduce the primary and secondary spread of insect pestvectored viruses by causing rapid feeding cessation that leads to impairment and death of the insect pest. Effects of cotton growth regulator on jassid infestation and. Inscalis insecticide worldwide technical information brochure 3 biological profile mode of action inscalis insecticide is a novel member of a group of insecticides known as chordotonal organ trpv channel modulators and has been classified by the insecticide resistance action committee irac as the only member of the new mode of action subgroup 9d. Reddening of leaf lamina from margin hopper burn, stunted plant growth amrasca biguttula biguttula. Cicadellidae cotton jassid is the most destructive sucking pest of american cotton in the north zone and is present throughout the country. Pestspesticides integrated pest management gmml ipm. Whitefly, pink bollworm, armyworm and jassid were the most damaging insect pests. Pakchong, nakon ratchasima to investigate the damage of gamma irradiated cotton populations caused by the cotton leafhopper amrasca bigutulla bigutulla using hopperburn index.
Since, the pest is more serious in the early stage of crop in. Pakistan entomologist diet predilection of jassid on. Seasonal incidence of sucking pests and their natural. Cotton jassid is the notorious sucking insect pest of cotton 3, 4. A heavy black sooty mould may develop on the honeydew like droplets secreted by mealy bugs. For noncommercial purposes only, any web site may link directly to this page. It was grown on 509 thousand hectares in 2004 2005. Plot unit was consisted of one twometer cotton row with 0.
Pests and beneficials in australian cotton landscapes 5 damage. Besides of the cotton bollworms, sucking insect pests, cotton aphid, whitefly, and jassid attack cotton plants at different growing stages and cause serious damage in cotton leaves. Central institute for cotton research nagpur central institute for cotton research r. Studies on jassid resistance in relation to hairiness of cotton leaves. Although size and color can differ based on environmental conditions, adult aphids tend. Agromet advisory services for different states of the.
Spraying against these pests was not admissible in the rainy period of 2015. Pdf morphological and biochemical bt cotton plant trait. The surplus cotton is exported to provide a raw material in textile industries. The present production of cotton is lower than the targeted production due to insect pest with considerably damage the quality and reduced the yield of cotton 11. Neem extract was found more e ective against jassid, white y, and thrips on cotton as compared to perfekthion which lost its e cacy a er days, while neem product was persis. Few of them are considered as key pests causing huge damage to cotton crop all over the country. Presence of silica in plant body shoot fly resistance in sorghum damage to mandibles. Bambawale abstract studies were taken up to monitor the population of sucking pests as well as boll damage in commercially released.
First transgenic trait for control of plant bugs and thrips in cotton. Preliminary observation on m 1 populations of cotton varieties, sr 2, r1, ap 1 and ap 2, was administered in the year 2000. Statistical analysis for est ssr data was conducted using software programme ntsys pc version 2. Several resistant cultivars were developed rapidly. This pest mainly found on lower side of plant leaves, sucks sap from lower side portion substance into the plant tissues. Damage to cotton is most common during the seedling stage because small plants are more susceptible to injury. Younger leaves may show a yellow margin and reddened patches. Okra leaf hopperjassid it is a polyphagous pest infesting cotton, okra, brinjal, beans, castor and cucurbits etc and widely distributed. Activity of insecticide detoxification enzymes in cotton jassids. But sudden outbreak of secondary pests is common phenomena in mulberry ecosystem under tropical conditions owing to various reasons. Integrated pest management ipm programand awareness. Similarly, the spotted bollworm species appeared on cotton in 3rd week of june on fruiting bodies and continued up to crop harvest.
Uc management guidelines for cotton aphid on cotton. A survey of whitefly populations and its parasitism with connection to temperature and relative humidity was conducted in fourteen cotton growing districts of sindh province southern pakistan for 2012 and 20 seasons. Sprays should be undertaken when the population of nymphs is more along with the second grade injury to the crop. Icarcentral institute for cotton research cicr former director icarcicr and head, technical information section, icac email. Maximum activity on cotton remained during june and july with maximum mean of 2. Preliminary observation on m 1 populations of cotton varieties, sr 2, r1, ap 1 and ap 2. The annual publication covering all aspects of best practice production. Pdf management of cotton jassid amrasca biguttula through.
Breeding for insect resistance most important because many crops are affected by insects. The amount of insectpests, which damage the cotton crop from sowing to maturity, plays a significant role in yield loss. In cotton it can cause yield loss greater than 100114 kg of lint per hectare sukhija et al. Besides cotton it also feeds on okra, potato, brinjal and some wild plants. In india the pest was recorded over 80 plant species of which heavy population buildup and severe damage was noticed in several species including economically important crops. Dense thick leaves it is more of mechanical obstruction. Integrated pest management of cotton in punjab, india. Low yield of cotton university of agriculture faisalabad. Research article management of mango hopper, idioscopus. In egypt, jassid infestation was insignificant, however, few years ago it has become a serious pest.
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